An Informal Approach to Interest-based Negotiations – Paul Anton Esterhazy and the “Cottage Coterie”
Published 2022-08-24
Keywords
- Austrian diplomacy,
- Paul Anton Esterhazy (III),
- 1820s,
- Cottage Coterie,
- foreign policy of George Canning
- George IV ...More
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Paul Anton Esterhazy was a prominent figure of the Hungarian aristocracy and a leading AustroHungarian politician, as well as a highly qualified and internationally recognised diplomat, with an extensive network of personal relations within the British elite. Esterhazy was an ambassador of Austria to London from 1815 to 1842 and represented the interests of the Central European state. In the mid-1820s he was a member of the so-called “Cottage Coterie”, a group created by King George IV and inspired by the aim of counterbalancing the political influence of the new secretary of the Foreign Office, George Canning. The meetings of the group were political and social events as well. Esterhazy was connected with close (family and political) ties to George IV, and thus he was a well trusted person in the royal court. My paper focuses on the activity and role of Esterhazy within the Cottage Coterie.
Downloads
References
- E. BERESFORD, Memorials of the St. James Street Together with the Annals of Almack’s, London 1922.
- E. BERESFORD (transl. and ed.), The Diary of Philipp von Neumann 1819–1850, vol. I. (1819–1833), London 1928.
- Paul BEW, Enlightenment, War and Tyranny, London 2011.
- Rafe BLAUFARB, The Western Question: The Geopolitics of Latin American Independence, The American Historical Review 112, 2007, no. 3, pp. 742–763.
- F. R. BRIDGE, The Habsburg Monarchy among the Great Powers, 1815–1918, New York – Oxford – Munich 1990.
- Muriel E. CHAMBERLAIN, Cottage Coterie, in: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, accessed 28 June 2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/63269.
- Judith Lissauer CROMWELL, A Russian Princess in London and Paris, 1785–1857, Jefferson – London 2007.
- Eric J. EVANS, Britain before the Reform Act: Politics and Society 1815–1832, London –New York 1991.
- István HAJNAL, Le Journal du Paul Esterházy sur son Séjour en France en 1814, Revue des Études Hongroises 7, 1929, pp. 32–38.
- Barbara JELAVICH, A Century of Russian Foreign Policy, 1814–1914, Philadelphia – New York 1964.
- Barbara JELAVICH, The Habsburg Empire in European Affaires, 1814–1918, Chicago 1969.
- Нина Степановна КИНЯПИНА, Внешняя политика России первой половины XIX века, Москва 1963.
- James E. LEWIS JR., The American Union and the Problem of Neighborhood: The United States and the Collapse of the Spanish Empire, 1783–1829, Chapel Hill 1998.
- Magyar Kurír, 2 December 1825.
- Magyar Kurír, 6 January 1826.
- Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára (Archives of the Hungarian National Archives, furthermore: MNL OL), P szekció. III. Eszterházy Pál herceg (1786–1866) iratai. P 136/49002–49004. microfilm boxes.
- Richard METTERNICH–WINNEBURG (Hrsg.), Aus Metternich's nachgelassenen papieren, 1816–1848, Band II., Wien 1881.
- Irby C. NICHOLS, JR., Britain and the Austrian War Debt, 1821–1823, The Historian 20, 1958, no. 3, pp. 328–346.
- Emil NIEDERHAUSER – Imre GONDA, Habsburgok. Egy európai jelenség, Budapest 1987.
- Mária ORMOS – István MAJOROS, Európa a nemzetközi küzdőtéren, Budapest 2003.
- Peter QUENNEL (ed.), The Private Letters of Princess Lieven to Prince Metternich 1820–1826, New York 1938, p. 386.
- Imre RESS, Herceg Esterházy Pál. A szent szövetségi diplomata és alkotmányos miniszter, Limes – Tudományos szemle 12, 1999, no. 2, pp. 29–42.
- Royal Collection Trust – Collection of George IV (Private Papers). I. George IV's Correspondence, 1821–1830. GEO/MAIN/25003–25005.
- Diego SAGLIA, European Literatures in Britain, 1815–1832, Cambridge 2019.
- Paul SCHOREDER, Transformation of European Politics, 1763–1848, Oxford 1996.
- Miroslav ŠEDIVÝ, The Decline of the Congress System: Metternich, Italy and European Diplomacy, New York 2020.
- Alan SKED, Metternich and Austria: An Evaluation, New York 2008.
- Edward J. STAPLETON (ed.), Some Official Correspondence of George Canning, vol. I, London 1887.
- St. James Chronicle, 29 June 1824.
- Sun, 29 June 1824.
- Harold TEMPERLY, Canning, Wellington and George the Fourth, The English Historical Review 38, 1923, no. 150, pp. 206–225.
- Harold TEMPERLEY, The Foreign Policy of Canning, 1820–1827, in: Adolphus William Ward – George Peabody Gooch (eds.), The Cambridge History of British Foreign Policy, vol. II, Cambridge 1923, pp. 51–118.
- Harold TEMPERLEY, The Foreign Policy of Canning, 1822–1827. England, the Neo-Holy Alliance, and the New World, Oxfordshire 1966.
- Harold TEMPERLEY (ed.), The Unpublished Diary and Political Sketches of Princess Lieven Together with Some of Her Letters, London 1925.
- Gyula VISZOTA (szerk), Gróf Széchenyi István naplói. (1820–1825), II. kötet, Budapest 1926.
- D. A. G. WADDELL, Anglo–Spanish Relations and the "Pacification of America" during the "Constitutional Triennium", 1820–1823, Anuario de Estudios Americanos 46, 1989, pp. 455–486.
- D. A. G. WADDELL, Anglo–Spanish Relations and the Recognition of Spanish American Independence, Anuario de Estudios Americanos 48, 1991, pp. 435–462.
- C. K. WEBSTER – Harold TEMPERLEY, British Policy in the Publication of Diplomatic Documents under Castlereagh and Canning, The Cambridge Historical Journal 3, 1924, no. 2, pp. 158–169.
- C. K. WEBSTER – Harold TEMPERLEY, The Duel between Castlereagh and Canning in 1809, The Cambridge Historical Journal 3, 1929, no. 1, pp. 83–95.
- THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON (ed.), Despatches, Correspondence, and Memoranda of Field Marshal Arthur, Duke of Wellington. January 1823 to December 1825, vol. II, London 1867.
- Norihito YAMADA, George Canning and the Spanish Question, September 1822 to March 1823, The Historical Journal 52, 2009, no. 2, pp. 343–362.